The following courses are offered by the Board of Teachers, jointly by the Doctorate School in Biologic, Drug and Food Sciences (which includes the Ph.D. Courses in Drug Sciences, in Food Sciences, in Biotechnologies an Biosciences and in Evolutive Biology and Ecology) or by other Organizations at the University of Parma. They are activated every year, unless differently indicated in the Course description leaflet linked below.Specific courses offered by the Board of Teachers: titleectssemteachersMedical Marijuana. Psychedelics and Drug Policy in the U.S.12Michael VitielloCryo-electron Microscopy of Biological Macromolecules42Ben Luisi, Giulia ParisBioactive peptides and peptidomimetics 1 1Lucia BattistiniProtein therapeutics: production, chemical modification and evaluation of their functional properties 1 1Stefano Bruno, Stefano Bettati, Luca RondaEnzymes in Drug Discovery 1 2Barbara CampaniniPharmacokinetic optimization in drug research: physico-chemical properties and in vitro ADME 1 1Federica VacondioAlternative Methods in preclinical drug testing 1 1Simona BertoniMicrobiome research and drug-microbiota interactions 1 Leonardo MancabelliDetermination of protein structure 1 2Serena FaggianoMultivariate Analysis With R 2 1Laura ScalviniPreclinical animal models for drug development in human diseases 1 1Carmine Giorgio Inter-disciplinary courses offered by the Board of Teachers:titleectssemteachersIntroduction to Scientific Communication 2 1Ruggero Bettini - Alessio LodolaPatent (IP Rights) vs Scientific Publication (Free Divulgation): Analogies, Differences, Opportunities and Risks 1 2Livia VillaPreclinical research: from science to legislation 2 2Ilaria ZanottiPractical biostatistics 1 1Massimiliano TognoliniReserch Integrity and Open Science 1 1Silvia PescinaOther courses will be offered within the PhD School in Biological, Drug and Food Sciences.